Diversity and distribution of clavarioid fungi in Estonia

Abstract

This paper attempts to compile available data on Estonian clavarioid fungi (Basidiomycota) published between 1856 and 2006 (78 publications) and 986 herbarium specimens studied and observations. 103 species have been reported including 46 species new for Estonia. The most frequent species is Typhula erythropus, followed by Macrotyphula juncea, Typhula setipes, Clavulina cinerea, Clavariadelphus ligula, Ramaria gracilis and Typhula phacorrhiza. These constitute around 28% of all observations, but only 6.8% of all species. Twenty one species (20.6%) were collected only once, fifteen species (14.7%) twice and ten species three times (9.8%). Some species rare for whole Europe, but also for its hemiboreal zone, are also infrequently collected, like Clavaria zollingeri, Clavulina amethystina, Lentaria subcaulescens, Multiclavula mucida, Ramaria botrytis, Ramariopsis crocea, Ramariopsis pulchella and Sparassis crispa. Rare and threatened are the old-growth habitats species like, e.g., Clavaria amoenoides, Clavaria rosea, Clavulinopsis rufipes, Clavulinopsis umbrinella, Multiclavula corynoides, Ramaria broomei and Typhula sphaeroidea.