A Glimpse of British Unitarian Congregations
Dealing with Decline and Seeking for Growth
Märksõnad:
Unitarianism, Secularisation, church growth, Great BritainKokkuvõte
The authors of this article analyse why the number of adherents of some congregations in the Unitarian movement, whose membership is generally declining, is growing. The research is based on an analysis of written sources as well as fieldwork (including interviews, questionnaires, focus groups and participation in Sunday services) carried out in 2015 in three British Unitarian congregations. The project has been financed by the Hibbert Trust. Common denominators of numerical growth in these congregations which otherwise are very different from each other are: community-building, a range of weekly activities, good public image and people enthusiastic about their work in the congregation (minister’s personality plays an important role but this is not a crucial factor). There are additional factors like chapels being the only liberal congregation in an area and therefore having no competitors in the „market of religions“. These are congregations that have moved beyond the Enlightement heritage of the Unitarian movement. Research also showed that among the people Unitarians have attracted are those who are dissatisfied with religious groups to which they previously belonged. In general, these examples do not reverse the common trend that a liberal segment of eligious groups (including Unitarians) is good in deconstructing dominant beliefs and practices of their traditions and applying a hermeneutics of suspicion but is struggling with offering new constructive alternatives.
Pilguheit Briti unitaaride kogudustele: toimetulek kahanemisega ja kasvuvõimaluste otsimine
Artikli autorid analüüsivad, miks üldiselt kahaneva liikmeskonnaga unitaaride liikumise mõned kogudused kasvavad. Uurimus põhineb
nii kirjalike allikate analüüsil kui ka 2015. aastal kolmes Suurbritannia unitaaride koguduses läbi viidud välitööl, mis hõlmas intervjuusid, küsimustikke, fookusgruppe ja pühapäevastel teenistustel osalemist. Projekti rahastas Hibbert Trust. Kolmes muidu üksteisest väga erinevas koguduses ilmnesid mõned ühised liikmeskonna kasvu põhjused: rõhuasetus kogukonnatunde tugevdamisel, lai valik iganädalasi tegevusi, hea avalik maine ja kogudusetööd innukalt tegevate inimeste olemasolu (pastori isiksus on samuti oluline, kuid mitte peamine tegur). Leidus ka täiendavaid põhjuseid, näiteks ollakse piirkonna ainus liberaalne kogudus ja
seetõttu puuduvad „religiooniturul“ konkurendid. Tegemist on ka kogudustega, mis ei ole jäänud kinni unitarismi valgustusaegsesse pärandisse. Uuringud näitasid sedagi, et unitaaridel on õnnestunud ligi tõmmata inimesi, kes on rahulolematud oma seniste usugruppidega. Nii ei ole need konkreetsed näited vastuolus ka üldise suundumusega, mille kohaselt on liberaalsed usugrupid (nende seas unitaarid) edukad oma religiooni sees valitsevaks kujunenud uskumuste ja tavade dekonstrueerimisel ning kahtluse hermeneutika rakendamisel, kuid samal ajal on neil raskusi uute konstruktiivsete alternatiivide pakkumisel.
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