Indiviidile suunatud käsitlusviis: lühike teoreetiline ja praktiline juhend
Kokkuvõte
Lühike ülevaade indiviidile suunatud käsitlusviisist (person-oriented approach) koostati juhendmaterjaliks selle meetodi kasutamisest huvitatud uurijatele. Artiklis arutletakse meetodi teoreetiliste, metodoloogiliste ja praktiliste kaalutluste üle. Esiteks osutatakse mõningatele ajaloolistele juurtele. Sellele järgneb lühiülevaade holistlik-interaktsioonilisest uurimisparadigmast, mis moodustab indiviidikeskse käsitlusviisi üldise raami. Sellel käsitlusviisil on olemas nii teoreetiline kui ka metodoloogiline pool. Peale peamiste teoreetiliste tõekspidamiste tutvustatakse ka enam levinud indiviidikeskseid meetodeid. Indiviidile suunatud käsitlusviisi tuumaks on süsteemne vaade, mille kohaselt moodustavad süsteemi komponendid mustri, mida võiks pidada jagamatuks. Seda mustrit tuleks mõista ja uurida ühe tervikuna, mitte jagada tükkideks (variaabliteks/muutujateks), et neid tükke seejärel eraldiseisvate ühikutena uurida. Seega kasutatakse selliseid metodoloogilisi vahendeid, mis võimaldavad analüüsida tervikut (nt klasteranalüüs). Samuti esitatakse empiiriline näide koolihinnete arengumustrite uurimise kohta.
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