ATH-ga kõrgkooliõppijate kogemused õpistrateegiatest ja õppijakeskse õpidisaini elementide tajutud sobivusest kõrghariduses

Autorid

  • Piret Maiberg-Nõu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12697/eha.2026.14.2.05

Märksõnad:

aktiivsus- ja tähelepanuhäire (ATH), täiskasvanud õppija, kõrgharidus, õpistrateegiad, õppijakeskne õpidisain

Kokkuvõte

Artikkel käsitleb aktiivsus- ja tähelepanuhäire (ATH) diagnoosiga täiskasvanud kõrgkooliõppijate kogemusi õppimisest ja õpistrateegiatest ning seda, milliseid õppijakeskse õpidisaini elemente nad tajuvad kõrghariduses õppimist toetavana. ATH-ga õppijate toetamisel keskendutakse sageli üksikutele kohandustele, kuid vähem on teada selle kohta, kuidas nad ise oma õppimist kogevad. Uuringus koguti ATH diagnoosiga täiskasvanud kõrgkooliõppijatelt andmeid poolstruktureeritud intervjuudega ning tulemused näitavad, et õppijate jaoks on kesksed oma diagnoosi teadvustamine ja eneseaktsepteerimine, ajasurvega seotud käivitumine, huvi- ja tähenduslikkusepõhine õpimotivatsioon ning mõtestamisele toetuv õppimine. Toimetulekut toetavad veel keskkonna teadlik kujundamine, kehalised ja sensoorsed võtted, digivahendid (sh tehisintellekt) ning sotsiaalne tugi ja õpipartnerlus. Õppijakeskset õpidisaini toetavate elementidena toovad õppijad esile kursuse selget ülesehitust ja ootuseid, vaheldusrikast õpet, õppimise käigus antavat tagasisidet, õppejõu kättesaadavust, paindlikku rühmatöö korraldust, valikuvõimalusi soorituses ning praktilisi kohandusi. Oluliseks peetakse ka psühholoogilist turvalisust, mis mõjutab õppijate valmisolekut oma vajadusi sõnastada ja tuge kasutada. Tulemused osutavad, et ATH-ga täiskasvanud kõrgkooliõppijate toetamisel on oluline siduda õppija enesejuhtimist toetavad strateegiad selge, paindliku ja psühholoogiliselt turvalise õpikeskkonnaga.

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Avaldatud

2026-10-29

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