How to visualise the unvisible – new video-based eyetracking paradigm "PILK!" for children aged 3 to 4

Authors

  • Helen Saareoja
  • Mari-Liis Kaldoja

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12697/eha.2021.9.1.08

Keywords:

social competence, social perception, eye gaze technology, assessment, preschool children

Abstract

Sotsiaalselt pädev laps märkab ja tõlgendab eri suhtlusstiimuleid ning suudab nende järgi arvestada oma suhtluspartneriga ja valida sobivad suhtluseesmärgid. Raskused stiimulite märkamisel ja tõlgendamisel võib olla aga üks põhjustest, miks laps käitub mõnes suhtlussituatsioonis ebasobivalt. Sotsiaalset pädevust hindavad hindamisvahendid üldiselt kinnitavad probleemi sotsiaalsetes suhtlusolukordades toimetulemisel, kuid ei anna teavet selle kohta, mis on nimetatud  raskuste põhjus, ega ka selle kohta, kuhu suunata teraapia fookus. Selle tühimiku täitmiseks koostati 2017–2018. aastal 12 originaalvideost koosnev sotsiaalse taju hindamise vahend "PILK!", millega saab hinnata, kuidas laps sõltuvalt  kontekstist fikseerib pilgu olulistele mitteverbaalsetele suhtlussignaalidele (pilgu suund, žestid, emotsioonid, vooruvahetus). Siinne esmauuring näitas, et koostatud hindamisvahendi videotes määratud huvipiirkonnad on suuresti sobilikud hindamaks, kuidas 3–4aastased lapsed pööravad tähelepanu sotsiaalselt olulistele stiimulitele. Uuringu tulemustest selgus, et parema probleemilahenduse oskustega lapsed fikseerisid enam pilku sotsiaalselt olulistele stiimulitele. Pilgu fikseerimise muster sõltus video kontekstist – enam tähelepanu sai inimese nägu, emotsiooni ja reaktsiooni väljendav nägu, tegevus ja sellega kaasnev objekt ning sümboolsed žestid.

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Published

2021-05-01

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Saareoja, H., & Kaldoja, M.-L. (2021). How to visualise the unvisible – new video-based eyetracking paradigm "PILK!" for children aged 3 to 4. Eesti Haridusteaduste Ajakiri. Estonian Journal of Education, 9(1), 186–218. https://doi.org/10.12697/eha.2021.9.1.08

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Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021)

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