The development of the Career Development Skills Questionnaire: career competencies of final-year basic and secondary school students in Estonia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12697/eha.2025.13.1.07Keywords:
career development competencies in schools, career planning, career education in schools, students’ self-assessments of career skills, questionnaire developmentAbstract
Eestis on koolide karjääriõppe toetamiseks loodud karjääri kujundamise pädevuste mudel, kuid vaja on ka sobilikku vahendit õppe tulemuslikkuse ja õpilaste karjääri kujundamise pädevuste väljaselgitamiseks. Selleks on alustatud mudeliga kooskõlas oleva enesekohase küsimustiku loomist. Siinse uuringu eesmärk oli küsimustikku edasi arendada, kontrollida struktuuri ning anda esmane ülevaade põhikooli lõpetajate ja gümnasistide karjääri kujundamise oskustest. Õpilaste karjääripädevuste uurimiseks kasutatud enesehindamise küsimustik koosnes 2022. aastal 23 väitest, millele 2023. aastal lisati veel 7 küsimust. Küsimustiku täitis kahel aastal kokku 492 gümnaasiumiõpilast (61% tütarlapsed) ja 281 põhikooli lõpuklassi õpilast (56% tütarlapsed). Nii 2022. kui ka 2023. aasta andmetel läbi viidud kinnitava faktoranalüüsi tulemused viitasid mudeli sobivusele. Õpilaste karjääripädevuste uurimisel selgus, et pädevuste hinnangud jäid vahemikku "pigem pinnapealne" kuni "pigem põhjalik" ning kõrgeimalt hinnati enda puhul eneseteadlikkust arendavaid pädevusi. Korrelatsioonanalüüsist ilmnes positiivne seos õpilaste eneseraporteeritud karjäärioskuste hinnangute ja karjääriplaneerimist toetavate tegevuste hulga vahel. Uuring kinnitab, et küsimustik võimaldab selgitada, milliseks õpilased enda karjääri kujundamisega seonduvaid oskusi peavad, sellega saab tuvastada karjääri kujundamisel rohkem tuge vajavaid õpilasi ja täpsustada arendamist vajavaid oskusi.
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