School microclimate: Teachers’ supportive behaviour and student performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12697/eha.2015.3.1.06Keywords:
student behaviour, teacher behaviour, PISA, school microclimate, student socio-economic status (SES)Abstract
Uuringu eesmärk oli selgitada õpetaja toetava käitumise ja õpilase õppetööd takistava käitumise seoseid õpilaste õpitulemustega, arvestades õpilaste otsiaalmajanduslikku tausta. Valimi moodustasid PISA 2012. aasta uuringus osalenud eesti õppekeelega koolide 3570 õpilast ja nende koolide juhid. Töös kasutati nelja PISA 2012. aasta andmebaasi muutujat: 1) õpilaste keskmist tulemust kolmes hindamisvaldkonnas (matemaatika, loodusteadused, kirjutamine); 2) õpilaste sotsiaalmajanduslikku tausta; 3) õpilaste käitumise indeksit, mis koondas õpilastega seotud õppetööd häirivad tunnused; 4) õpetajate käitumist iseloomustavaid tunnuseid, mis takistavad õppetööd. Uurimistulemustest ilmnes statistiliselt oluline, kuid väga nõrk seos õpilaste keskmise soorituse ja õpetajatepoolse õppetööd takistava käitumise vahel. Õpilasteja õpetajatepoolse õppetööd takistava käitumise seos oli mõõdukas. Sotsiaalmajandusliku tausta põhjal prognoositust madalama ja kõrgema tulemuse saanud õpilaste gruppide puhul avaldus mõõdukas seos õpilaste- ja õpetajatepoolse õppetööd takistava käitumise järgmiste tunnuste vahel: õpilaste ja õpetajate halvad suhted (alasooritajate grupis r = 0,54; ülesooritajate grupis r = 0,51) ja õpetajad ei arvesta iga üksiku õpilase vajadustega (alasooritajate grupis r = 0,40; ülesooritajate grupis r = 0,43). Alasooritajate grupi puhul osutus mõõdukaks seoseks veel tunnus õpilasi ei julgustata saavutama kogu oma potentsiaali (r = 0,41), seevastu ülesooritajate grupis ilmnes mõõdukas seos õpilase käitumise ja õpetaja käitumist iseloomustava tunnuse õpetajad peavad õpetama ühes ja samas klassis erineva etnilise taustaga (st keel, kultuur) õpilasi puhul (r = 0,40). Kahe grupi seoste võrdlemisel osutus statistiliselt oluliselt erinevaks kaks tunnust: õpilasi ei julgustata saavutama kogu oma potentsiaali ja õpetajad peavad õpetama ühes ja samas klassis erinevate võimetega õpilasi.
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