Meteorological knowledge test for assessing students’ weather literacy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12697/eha.2024.12.2.06Keywords:
weather literacy, meteorological knowledge, first school stageAbstract
Hea ilmakirjaoskus on vajalik igas vanuses, kuid selle omandamist tuleks alustada varases koolieas. Siinses uuringus töötati välja meteoroloogiliste teadmiste test (MET-test), mille abil saab hinnata esimese kooliastme õpilaste ilmakirjaoskust: oskust lugeda ilmainfot kirjeldustest ja prognoosidest, hinnata vaatluste põhjal ilma ning tõlgendada infot, toetudes teadmistele ilmaelementidest ja -nähtustest. Samuti saab testiga hinnata õpilaste teadmiste taset, otsustamaks nende osalemise üle ilmaandmeid edastavas harrastusteaduslikus projektis. Uuringusse kaasati 735 eesti õppekeelega 3. klasside õpilast. Testiga hinnati õpilaste arusaamist ilmaelementidest ja -nähtustest hetkeilma vaatluste ja ilmaprognooside kaudu. MET-testi küsimused jaotati testi lahendustulemuste alusel kolmele tasemele. Selgus, et õpilased teavad rohkem sademetest ja temperatuurist, vähem pilvisusest ja tuulest. Üksikelementide ja -nähtuste mõistmisest keerulisemad olid ülesanded, kus nähtused ja elemendid esinesid kombineeritult. Õpilaste arusaamist ilmaprognoosist mõjutas ka prognoosi esitlusviis. Seejuures osutus raskeimaks sidustekstina esitatud prognoos. Samuti osutus õpilaste jaoks keeruliseks ilmaolukordade põhjendamine loodusteaduslikule teadmisele tuginevalt. Uuringu tulemused suunavad mõtlema, kuidas kujundada õpilaste ilmakirjaoskust koolis, kas ja kuidas käsitleda ohtlikke ilmaolukordi, kuidas tuleks hinnata ilma mõju õpilasele ja ümbritsevale keskkonnale, et õpilane tajuks paremini võimalikke kaasnevaid riske.
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